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PVC-coated fabrics are widely used in outdoor equipment, building membranes, medical devices, and other fields due to their waterproof, wear-resistant, and corrosion-resistant properties. However, their actual application performance is affected by various performance indicators, including physical strength, weather resistance, and environmental friendliness.
Tensile Strength and Tear Strength: The degree of bonding between the base fabric (such as polyester or cotton fiber) and the coating of PVC-coated fabrics directly affects their tensile strength. For example, outdoor tents need to withstand strong winds and heavy loads; if the coating and base fabric are not firmly bonded, delamination or damage may occur.
Wear Resistance: Coating thickness and uniformity are key. Fabrics with poor wear resistance are prone to scratches or wear during frequent friction (such as tarpaulins in logistics transportation), shortening their service life.
Flexibility: In low-temperature environments, PVC may become brittle, making the fabric difficult to bend (such as outdoor equipment in northern winters). Adding plasticizers or nano-rubber particles (such as SBR, PNBR) can improve low-temperature resistance.
Chemical Corrosion Resistance: PVC itself is resistant to acids and alkalis, but long-term contact with strong acids and alkalis (such as coatings for chemical storage tanks) may lead to coating decomposition, requiring the selection of highly stable formulations.
UV Aging Resistance: Ultraviolet rays can cause PVC molecular chain breakage, leading to yellowing and embrittlement. Adding UV absorbers (such as benzotriazole compounds) can extend the service life of outdoor advertising fabrics and membrane structures.
Temperature Resistance: The glass transition temperature of PVC is relatively low (approximately 80°C), and it is prone to softening and deformation at high temperatures. Stabilizers (such as lead salts, calcium-zinc salts) are needed to improve thermal stability.
Waterproofness: The density of the coating determines the waterproof effect. For example, medical equipment packaging needs to be completely waterproof, while tents need to balance waterproofness and breathability. Flame Retardancy: Adding flame retardants (such as bromine-containing compounds) can meet the fire resistance requirements of building membrane materials and transport tarpaulins, but they must comply with environmental standards (such as EU RoHS).
Breathability: Ordinary PVC coatings have poor breathability and can become stuffy at high temperatures. Breathability can be improved through microporous coating technology or by compounding with TPU, making it suitable for sportswear.
Tents and Awnings: Require a balance of waterproofness (hydrostatic pressure ≥ 2000 mmH₂O) and wind resistance (tear strength ≥ 30N). Insufficient abrasion resistance can lead to damage after long-term use.
Sportswear: Requires optimized breathability (such as open-pore coatings) to prevent stuffiness while maintaining abrasion resistance to withstand friction.
Membrane Structure Buildings: Insufficient weather resistance can lead to coating chalking and cracking. High-weather-resistant formulations (such as adding titanium dioxide for UV resistance) should be selected.
Medical Equipment Packaging: Requires biocompatibility testing to ensure the coating is non-toxic and harmless, and complies with ISO 10993 standards.
Environmental Requirements: Traditional PVC contains plasticizers (such as phthalates) that may migrate into the environment. Environmentally friendly alternatives (such as DOTP, ATBC) should be used.
